ap+american

1. A principle cause of the Spanish success in conquering the Aztecs in the early sixteenth century was a. The Spaniards’ ability to take advantage of the native peoples’ hostility to Aztec rule
 * Chapter 2 Questions **

2. Which of the following was the LEAST important reason for the population decline that occurred in native populations in the wake of the Spanish conquest? a. Disease 3. By establishing a “frontier of inclusion” the Spanish developed communities.hi (: a. Of large mixed-ancestry  4. Beginning with Cartier’s failed settlements on the St. Lawrence, relationships among the French and the Indians were based on  a. Trade  5. Chief Wingina saw the early Roanoke colonists as  a. Potential allies to increase his power  6. John White and Thomas Harriot’s vision of the Indian-European relationship had the most in common with this Indian emissary:  a. Wanchese  7. Among the MOST important contributions that the Spanish made to the New World in the continental exchange was/were  a. Domesticated animals and livestock  [|The Tax Man]  8. England’s first ventures into the New World were motivated by  a. Animosity toward Spain  9. Which one of the following was NOT part of Walter Raleigh’s vision of his English colony at Roanoke? a. An English community 10. The renaissance was based in the belief that a. Human potential is important and should be celebrated 11. The Spanish forts along the Florida coast were designed to protect a. Gulf stream sea lanes 12. After he led a successful revolt against the Spanish, Pueblo leader Pope was deposed ten years later by this people because he a. Ordered them to destroy everything Spanish 13. French interest in the Indians was based primarily to a. Commercial concerns 14. The cultivation of tobacco by the English colonists a. Created pressure for more expansion into Indian territory 15. Which one of the following is LEAST true of community life in the Chesapeake of the 1600s a. Colonists were developing a distinctive American culture 16. The primary reason for the establishment of the colony at Plymouth was the settlers’ desire to a. Establish their own church independent of the Anglican Church 17. The Plymouth colony was a. A successful and strong community 18. By 1634, Massachusetts Bay freemen would a. Select town representatives to draft laws of their colony 19. Maryland was the only English colony in North America with a substantial MINORITY of a. Catholics 20. The Puritans were unique in the seventeenth century colonies of North America because of their a. Impressive educational system

Chapter 5- The Cultures of Colonial North America, 1700-1780 21. 1)The Deerfield raid illustrates the population conflict between the E)English, French and Indians 22. 2) A significant characteristic of Spanish colonial communities was A)their close association with religious missions 23. 3)During the eighteenth century the middle colonies exhibited certain characteristics that distinguished them from New England. Among these was (were) B)high rates of mobility 24. 4) English authorities made the Church of England the official state religion in D)the Chesapeake colonies 25. 5)The majority of farmers of eighteenth century North America were interested in E) small self-sufficient communities 26. 6)Which one of the following BEST describes English immigration policy? C)They had a liberal policy for both English and foreign nationals 27. 7)An Enlightenment thinker would emphasize that C)humans were capable of understanding natural laws and using them to improve their condition 28. 8)In Poor Richard’s Almanac, Ben Franklin tried to promote this to ordinary folk: A) enlightenment thought 29. 9)In establishing the half-way covenant, the Puritans D) managed rather than resolved the problem of compulsory church attendance and requirements for church membership 30. 10) The Great Awakening had its deepest effects on A)the young people 1) In the Treaty of Paris, ending the French and Indian War A) the French lost their North American empire to the British 2) The Royal Proclamation of 1763 E) set aside an area west of the Appalachians as “Indian Country” 3) The primary weapon that colonial opponents of the various revenue acts used to force their repeal was C) non-importation and non-consumption 4)The law that provoked the Boston Tea Party B)actually lowered the price of tea 5) The Declaration and Resolves passed at the Continental Congress in 1774 committed the colonies C) economic sanctions prohibiting importation and consumption of British goods and export of colonial goods to other parts of the empire 6)In his work //Common Sense// (on a roll), Thomas Paine assisted the movement for independence by damning Parliament while B) appealing to the Americans’ sense of special purpose 7)As a result of the fighting at Breed’s Hill and Bunker Hill E) British casualties ended the possibility of reconciliation 8) Which one of the following was NOT one of the first military engagements of the war that took place in or around Boston? C)Moore’s Creek Bridge 9) In recognition of its significance to them, the French begin building forts here in 1753 E) From Lake Erie to the Ohio 10) The Quebec Act covered an area that extended as far South as B) British West Florida CHAPTER 7 QUESTIONS 1. Which of the following is NOT true of American men who fought in the Revolution? 2. Encounters between the British Army and Continental Army at Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey in late 1776 3. The biggest British defeat before Yorktown occurred at ** Saratoga, NY ** 4. When the Revolutionary War moved to the South, the British shifted to a strategy of ** Taking territory and turning it over to Loyalists ** 5. Which one of the following was NOT significant to the American victory at Yorktown? ** Cherokee warriors ** 6. The Congress under the Articles of the Confederation did not have the authority to 7. Which one of the following is NOT one of the provisions of the Treaty of Paris of 1783? ** Loyalists would not be compensated for property ** 8. The type of state governments established in New York, Maryland, and Pennsylvania after the Revolution indicated
 * Chapter 6- From Empire to Independence **
 * Patriot militia were the most important group in winning battles **
 * Gave the Americans small victories needed to help morale **
 * Tax citizens directly **
 * Balance of political power between conservative Whigs and radical democrats **

9. In their emphasis on the need for a “balanced government”, conservatives were expressing their 10. In taking the position he did in the wake of the issuance of the Newburgh address, George Washington Chapter 8 Multiple-Choice Questions 1.) Approval of the Great Compromise at the Philadelphia constitutional convention guaranteed a. representation based on population in the House and by state in the Senate.  2.) The first ten amendments were quickly added to the newly-ratified Constitution to  d. reassure those who feared the power of the national government to restrict citizens’ rights. 3.Under the provisions of the Virginia Plan A bicameral legislature would be organized according to state population 4. Under the impact of the Hamilton economic program c. the health of the United States’ economy improved significantly. 5. Washington established the precedent of executive privilege when he refused to b. allow House members to review the diplomatic correspondence related to the signing of Jay’s Treaty. 6.Which one of the following is NOT opposed by Washington in his Farewell Address? c. American disinterest in Europe 7. Political supporters of Thomas Jefferson used the name Democratic Republicans to emphasize that the Federalists were b. pro-Monarchy 8. Passage of the Naturalization Act, the Alien Act, the Alien Enemies Act, and the Sedition Act by Federalists in 1798 d. defeat the Republican opposition in Congress 9. Susana Haswell Rowson’s book, //Charlotte Temple//, illustrated a. b. the rise in demand for books appealing to women. 10. A response to the problem that emerged in the election of 1800, the Twelfth Amendment a. created separate ballots for the president and vice president. Chapter 9 Questions – Chelsey Garman 1. The Mandans welcomed Lewis and Clark because the Indians hoped for 2. The period 1800 and 1850 in the United States was characterized by 3. The first trans-Appalachian states admitted to the Union were 4. The fortunes of cities like Cincinnati were connected to
 * Fear of tyranny by a majority of “the unthinking” **
 * Set a precedent for the subordination of the military to civil authority **
 * Expanded trade and support against the Sioux **
 * A dramatic expansion of population to the west **
 * Kentucky and Tennessee **
 * Slave trading **

5. In pursuing the purchase of Louisiana, Jefferson violated this principle that he had rigidly insisted on earlier 6. Americans found British actions with regard to naturalization and impressments particularly objectionable because they 7. The hardest hit under the Embargo Act were the 8. Jefferson advocated a policy of removal to the trans-Mississippi region for Indians because he believed that 9. The battle at Tippecanoe 10. At the Hartford convention, representatives from five New England states Chapter 10 1. Which one of the following is the MOST true of the South in regard to industrialization? 2. Both enslaved and free blacks had more opportunity to obtain skilled occupations in the South than in the North because 3. A common defense of the institution of slavery by slave owners was that 4. Slave marriages 6. The most successful slave revolt was led by 7. Prior to the Civil War, only this fraction of white families owned slaves: 8. The word “yeoman” was often applied to 9. The 1831, the South began to close ranks in defense of slavery for all of the following reasons EXCEPT 10. By 1860, America’s largest single export was a. ** Cotton **
 * Limited interpretation of the Constitution **
 * Demonstrated Great Britain’s failure to recognize American citizenship **
 * New Englanders **
 * Those unreconciled to assimilation would be able to live there undisturbed **
 * Resulted in further conflict and Tecumeseh’s alliance with the British **
 * Insisted states could nullify unconstitutional federal actions **
 * Southerners chose to concentrate on cotton **
 * The South failed to attract much immigrant labor. **
 * Slavers were treated better than northern industrial workers **
 * Were encouraged by most owners **
 * 5. ** The Evangelical religion that spread after the Second Great Awakening
 * a. ****  Was used by whites as a means of social control over the slaves  **
 * Nat Turner **
 * 1/3 **
 * Independent farmers who lived on family-size farms **
 * The Portuguese abolition of slavery in Brazil **

Chapter 11 Questions 1) Jackson’s “negative activism” as president resulted in A) His use of the veto more times than all of his predecessors combined 2) Jackson vetoed the Maysville Road Bill of 1830 because he A) Disapproved of any federal funding for internal improvements 3) The Supreme Court’s decision in //Gibbons v. Ogden// and //Dartmouth College v. Woodward// A) Asserted the broad power of the federal government over interstate commerce. 4) Which one of following was NOT part of Jackson’s veto message on the renewal of the Nation’s Bank? A) It was a treasonous enterprise. 5) Which one of the following has the LEAST in common with the other four? A) Tariff of 1832 6) The Whigs were most closely identified with the A) Federalists 7) The Whigs were a short-lived national party because they A) Couldn’t bridge the North-South sectionalism. 8) In his lecture, “The American Scholar,” this intellectual urged Americans to write about their own culture: A) Ralph Waldo Emerson 9) Most of the cities that nurtured American culture and provided intellectual leadership were A) On the northern half of the eastern seaboard 10) The Virginia and Kentucky Resolves and the Hartford Convention had considered this issue, which came up again in tariff debates: A) Nullification

Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Questions 1) The history of Lowell epitomizes this transition: A) Self-sufficient farm families to urban wage workers 2) A crucial aspect of the new putting-out system was A) Division of labor 3) Francis Cabot Lowell and Paul Moody changed textile manufacturing with their invention of a/an A) Power loom 4) Many of the first strikes in American labor history were led by A) Rural women workers 5) Due to the market revolution, male children of artisans and farmers were more likely to be A) White collar workers 6) The religion that captured the attention of the new middle class in the early 1800s A) Incorporated an enthusiastic evangelistic approach to religious practice. 7) Catharine Beecher’s book //Treatise on Domestic Economy// illustrated the need for A) Helping middle-class women modernize their tasks and family role. 8) The core of sentimentalism of the urban middle class developed from A) Nostalgia for imagined preindustrial village security 9) In his //Walden//, Henry David Thoreau A) Questioned the spiritual cost of the market revolution 10) The first productive tariff in the United States was passed in a. 1816

1. Which of the following is NOT a reason why immigrants were unwelcome to many Americans? a. They filled a need for unskilled labor 2. Until the 1880s, the task of receiving immigrants fell on the a. Cities 3. Which one of the following was NOT a belief of the nineteenth-century middle-class reformers? a. Small-scale sincere responses to social problems could work. 4. An important common denominator in the public education, temperance, anti-prostitution, and asylum reform movements was a. Female participation and leadership 5. A serious drawback to the reform movement was its a. Aggressive morality 6. The most successful of the nineteenth-century communitarian movements was a. Mormonism 7. The American Colonization Society a. Focused on sending blacks back to Africa 8. Similar to evangelical preachers in the nineteenth century, northern abolitionists a. Employed a confrontational personal style 9. Complicating the efforts of the abolitionists was their a. Disagreement on the status of free blacks 10. The arguments of separate spheres was meant to exclude this group from political life: a. women 11. Chapter 14 1. One of the most important factors in the exploration of the West was the a. Fur trade 12. 2. The Lewis and Clark expedition was financed by a. The federal government 13. 3. The Grand Canyon was first explored by a. Major John Wesley Powell 14. 4. The justification for the western removal of the Indians was a. The Indians needed a space where they could live undisturbed by whites 15. 5. The outcome of the Indian removal in the southern part of the Indian Territory in the 1830s-1850s was a. Successful creation of new communities and self-government 16. 6. Generally pioneers traveling the Overland Trails in the 1840s and 1850s were a. Parts of organized westward-moving communities 17. 7. During the Mexican War, northern Whigs began to characterize the war as/an a. Part of a southern conspiracy to expand slavery 18. 8. As commander-in-chief during the war, James K. Polk defined the role of president by a. Coordinating both civilian and military goals and needs. 19. 9. The Mexican-American War began over a. A border dispute 20. 10. After 1849, California attracted thousands of settlers because of a. The discovery of gold

Chapter 15 Multiple Choice Questions 1.By 1850, most southern leaders like Calhoun and Toombs __ // **a.Insisted slavery must be national.** // __ 2.The issue of slavery in the territories came to a head when __ // **a.California applied for statehood.** // __ 3.Solutions proposed for the issue of slavery in the territories included all the following EXCEPT __ //a.The legalization of slavery in California only.//  __ 4.The Kansas- Nebraska Act opened Indian territory to American settlers 5.Stephen Douglas’ action in introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 proved to 6.The Dred Scott decision held that __ **// a.Slaves were not citizens and, therefore could not sue in a court of law. //** __ 7.The Republicans won the election of 1860 largely because __ // **a.The Democratic Party split into northern and southern wings.** // __ 8.Which one of the following was NOT a plank in the 1860 Republican platform? __ // **a.Praise for John Brown’s raid** // __ 9.When Kansas applied for statehood, President James Buchanan __ // **a.Endorsed the pro-slavery constitution** // __ 10.The only southern state to pass a unanimous vote for secession was __ // **a.South Carolina** // __ Chapter 16 1.The most basic similarity between the Union and the Confederacy when the Civil War began was that both sides 2.Which of the following was NOT an advantage enjoyed by the South as the Civil War began? __ // **a.Naval superiority** // __ 3.Lincoln felt that his primary responsibility as president was to 4.The English did NOT extend diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy because __ // **English public opinion opposed recognizing a nation based on slavery** // __ 5.The South had problems in financing its war effort because __ // **a.State governors refused to impose new taxes** // __ __ //** b.The government issued paper money causing inflation **// __ __ //** c.Large amounts of borrowing caused inflation **// __ __ // **d.Both A, B, and C** // __ 6.Lincoln initially resisted announcing a policy to free the slaves for all of the following reasons __EXCEPT__ 7.Lincoln won the election of 1864 because of 8.The use of women in the nursing profession met resistance largely because 9.Shermans march to Savannah was designed to 10.Grants war strategy could be summed up as __ // **Find your enemy and keep striking as hard as you can** // __ Chapter 17 1.Lincoln’s Reconstruction program was based on 2.Throughout his political career, Andrew Johnson had championed __ // **Yeoman farmers** // __ 3.The black codes were 4.In general, freed African Americans in the late 1860s were 5.The Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 __ ** //Made violent infringement of civil rights a federal crime// ** __ 6.Sharecropping tended to be most common in 7.Credit Mobilier was an example of  8.An electoral crisis developed in the Election of 1876 as a result of  9.Which one of the Following happened in 1870 10.At the beginning of Reconstruction, the south was divided into five 11.Sand Creek was the scene of __ //** An unprovoked massacre of Cheyenne Indians by white civilian “volunteers” **// __ 12.The Santa Fe Ring was a group of land spectators, lawyers, and politicians who __ // **Cheated Mexicanos out of their landholdings.** // __ 13.The Caminetti Act gave the state the power to regulate // __ **Minee** __ // 14.The appearance of groups like Las Gorras Blancas and El Alianzo Hispano-Americano indicated that 15.Which one of the following is least descriptive of cowboys in the cattleindustry __ // **Most anglo cowboys came from the north** // __ 16.European immigrants to the Great Plains tended to 17.The predominant crop of the Great Plains was 18.The FIRST national park in the United States was 19.The Dawes Act was basically successful in 20.The Timber Culture Act of 1873 was 21.Sand Creek was the scene of 22.The Santa Fe Ring was a group of land spectators, lawyers, and politicians who 23.The Caminetti Act gave the state the power to regulate 24.The appearance of groups like Las Gorras Blancas and El Alianzo Hispano-Americano indicated that 25.Which one of the following is least descriptive of cowboys in the cattleindustry **//__Most anglo cowboys came from the north__//** 26.European immigrants to the Great Plains tended to //**Form tight knit ethnically distinctive communities**// 27.The predominant crop of the Great Plains was __//**Wheat**//__ 28.The FIRST national park in the United States was **//__Yellowstone__//** 29.The Dawes Act was basically successful in **//__Undermining tribal sovereignty__//** 30.The Timber Culture Act of 1873 was **//__Favorable to homesteaders__//**
 * // __a.Under the principle of popular sovereignty__ // **
 * // __a.A great political miscalculation__ // **
 * //__ a.Were unprepared for the ordeal that lay ahead __// **
 * // __a.Preserve the Union__ // **
 * // __Lincoln believed that blacks would not make good citizens__ // **
 * // __The Union soldiers’ vote__ // **
 * // __It was considered and “unseemly” profession for respectable women__ // **
 * // __Isolate Robert E. Lee’s army in Virginia from the rest of the South__ // **
 * // __Bringing the seceding states back quickly and generously__ // **
 * // __Southern laws designed to restrict the freedom of black laborers__ // **
 * // __Highly involved in political activity__ // **
 * // __The Cotton Belt__ // **
 * // __Corruption in railroad promotion__ // **
 * // __A discrepancy between the popular and electoral votes__ // **
 * // __The Fifteenth Amendment is ratified but no enforced__ // **
 * //__ Military districts __// **
 * // __Mexicanos were challenging he rising Anglo presence__ // **
 * // __Form tight knit ethnically distinctive communities__ // **
 * // __Wheat__ // **
 * // __Yellowstone__ // **
 * // __Undermining tribal sovereignty__ // **
 * // __Favorable to homesteaders__ // **
 * // __An unprovoked massacre of Cheyenne Indians by white civilian “volunteers”__ // **
 * // __Cheated Mexicanos out of their landholdings.__ // **
 * // __Mines__ // **
 * // __Mexicanos were challenging he rising Anglo presence__ // **

CHAPTER 19 TEST QUESTIONS 1)By 1900, the United States was _ in the world in terms of productivity A) first 2)Horizontal combinations like the Standard Oil trust A)Secured control over output and prices 3)The “Gospel of Wealth” A)Justified the ruthless behaviors of entrepreneurs like Rockefeller 4)The Chinese Exclusion Act involved all of the following __EXCEPT__ A)Prohibited Chinese children from attending public schools 5)The Haymarket Square incident in 1886 A)Weakened labor unions particularly the Knights of Labor 6)By 1890, approximately what fraction of the population lived in cities? A)One-third 7)The proponents of a “New South” envisioned the South as A)An area that promoted industrial development and welcomed northern investors 8)African-American workers in the New South A)Were strictly segregated 9)All of the following were considered lower-class pastimes in the Gilded Age __EXCEPT__ A)Bicycling 10)More common ground could be found between members of the middle and working class with A)Ragtime and baseball CHAPTER 20 1)The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to A)Regulate the railroads 2)In general, the presidents of the last quarter of the nineteenth century A)Willingly yielded power to Congress and the states 3)Passage of the Pendleton Act in 1883 indicated a.Both parties recognized a need to professionalize government service  4)The largest women’s organization in the world in the late nineteenth century was a.The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union 5)The Social Gospel movement was largely guided by a.Women  6)In Plessy v. Ferguson and Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education, the Supreme Court upheld legislation that a.Formally segregated facilities including schools 7)Alfred Thayer Mahan helped define American policy in the 1880s with his work about the influence of which of the following on history? a.Sea power  8)Hawaii was annexed a.For imperialistic reasons 9)In the Platt Amendment on Cuba, the United States a.Called for the right to intervene to protect its interests in Cuba  10)The acquisition of the Philippines by the United States a.Resulted in a four-year war of conquest by the Americans Chapter 21 1.In general, progressives were A)optimistic about citizens improving socio-economic conditions 2.What was the major reason progressive women like Jane Addams turned to settlement work?  A)They were dissatisfied with the choices that society offered to women 3.Party machines were powerful because they were A)Organized and delivered needed services 4.Southern progressives agreed to the disfranchisement and segregation of African Americans because  A)Progressives shared the same racist views as others in southern society 5.The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union’s efforts at prohibition and other social reforms allowed women to A)Fuse public concerns with moral guardianship  6.Both prohibition and ending prostitution were efforts by the progressive reformers to control  A)The new, predominantly Catholic and Jewish, immigrants 7.Progressive reformers believed the primary purpose of public education was to A)Assimilate new immigrants  8.As a result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire, the following positive action was taken:  A)The improvement of safety conditions and limiting working hours for women. 9.The American Federation of Labor organized A)Skilled labor 10.President Theodore Roosevelt’s support for the Hepburn Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act reflected his beliefs in  A)Regulating big business B)Suburban living during the 1920s was possible because of a.The growth of the automobile industry and mass transit  C)Large employers implemented welfare capitalism in an effort to  a.Undermine unions D)In 1913 it took thirteen hours to produce one automobile. By 1925, Henry Ford’s new plants were producing one a.Every ten seconds  E)One reason why the coal industry declined was a.Oil and natural gas became the dominant energy source F)The movie industry in the 1920s entered a new phase with the studio system which meant a.Controlling production, distribution, and exhibition  G)The following contributed to a more open treatment of sexuality in the 1920s: a.More education in birth control was provided H)A call for immigration restrictions was resulted from a.A form of racism directed at immigrants form eastern and southern Europe  I)The president lamented that the job was too much for him and his friends were a worse problem than his enemies: a.Warren G. Harding J)The “associative state” that President Hoover proposed relied on a.Voluntary collaboration between business, consumers, farmers, and workers  K)The National American Women suffrage Association and the National Woman’s Party argued over the following a.Labor laws to protect women Chapter 30 Questions 1.In the 1970s, a combination of skyrocketing prices, rising unemployment, and low economic growth was termed a.Stagflation 2.The oil crisis of 1973 caused a.An economic downturn 3.By 1980, 2 out of the 3 most populous states were in the Sunbelt; they were a.Texas and California 4.Why were Americans becoming more concerned with the environment in the 1970s? a.Increasing rates of cancer were revealed 5.Proposition 13 in California symbolized a.A taxpayer revolt 6.An advocate of supply-side economics would support a.Keynesian economics 7.Why did the federal debt mushroom under Reagan? a.Government spending increased overall in a dramatic fashion in the 1980s 8.Which of the following was __NOT__ a policy of Soviet leader Gorbachev? a.Strategic Defense Initiative 9.Gorbachev believed that the way to improve the Soviet economy was to a.Halt the arms race 10.The “New Right” united traditional pro-business conservatives with a new constituency of a.Christians who supported traditional moral values